https://www.proz.com/kudoz/english-to-japanese/medical-general/7069610-%22they-pre%22-or-%22date-pre%22.html
Jun 12, 2022 01:45
1 yr ago
14 viewers *
英語 term

"they pre" or "date pre"

Non-PRO 英語 から 日本語 医療 医療(一般) orthodontics
For an audio content (an Internet radio program) at:

https://radiohealthjournal.org/the-shrinking-human-jaw/

What is the speaker saying from 2'36" to 2'46", namely the blank as below:

There is a lot of evidence and this is very easy to find because we do have the dry skulls that __________ the agricultural revolution so we know that ...

My task here is to transcribe this and then translate it into Japanese.

Microsoft Stream's AI has transcribed it as "they pre", and YouTube's automatic captioning has given "date pre", but both of them seem to be unintelligible.

The female speaker seems to be stammering, but what is the speaker saying here?

Thank you in advance.

Discussion

texas78712 (asker) Jun 12, 2022:
Thank you for your further comment. I understand "pre" means "before", but my question now is whether "pre" is really a preposition. In your examples (pre-Stalin, pre-Watergate, with or without hyphenation), it seems that "pre" still functions as a (productive) prefix, making the whole word function as an adjective (e.g., during the pre-Stalin period, _Before the Fall: An Inside View of the Pre-Watergate White House_--a book title). In fact, none of my dictionaries says that it's a preposition, though they say it is a prefix, which is true of other online dictionaries, such as Cambridge (dictionary.cambridge.org), Oxford (oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com), and Longman (ldoceonline.com). Otherwise, is "pre" becoming a legitimate preposition like "in", "on", or "at"? Just my curiosity :-) .
Tomasso Jun 12, 2022:
pre Pre with hypen, whole hyphenated phrase , That is correct, PRE does not stand alone, so with the HYPNEN mark, pre makes up a complete adjective. That makes sense like you stated "making the entire phrase serve as an adjective".
texas78712 (asker) Jun 12, 2022:
Thanks. If it is the case, however, what is the part-of-speech of pre? If "pre" functions as a prefix, shouldn't it be "the pre-agricultural revolution"? Article "the" cannot intervene between the prefix and the noun?
Tomasso Jun 12, 2022:
that date pre the agricultural revolution that are dated , priii, preee, short for previous, previous to the agricultural revolution, shortened to PREEE, pre, 農業革命の前のその日付 , 農業革命以前の日付のもの gozaimas, mite kudasai...農業革命以前の年代を示すもの

農業革命以前の年代のもの

農業革命以前の年代を指す

Proposed translations

+2
45分
Selected

date pre

She is saying "date pre"
"...we do have the dry skulls that date pre the agricultural revolution"

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Note added at 9 hrs (2022-06-12 10:52:13 GMT)
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"Pre" is a preposition that means previous to / before.
Note from asker:
Thanks. But, in that case, what is "pre" here? Just stammering?
Peer comment(s):

agree Yasutomo Kanazawa
3時間
Thank you!
agree Tomasso
10時間
Thank you!
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4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer. Comment: "Selected automatically based on peer agreement."
+1
4時間
英語 term (edited): "date pre"

証拠ならたくさんありますし、これを見つけることも非常に簡単です。なぜなら農業改革以前の年代のものであると決定づける、乾燥した頭蓋骨を私たちは実際所有しているからです。

Date is a verb which in this case means establishing the date of evidence and pre is a preposition describing before the agricultural revolution. I provided the Japanese translation for you. Hope this helps.
Peer comment(s):

agree Tomasso : Hai so desu, good point "date" is a verb,
7時間
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